Idaho’s picturesque landscapes and abundant wildlife are a draw for residents and tourists alike, but the state’s roads become riskier during fall migration. As elk, deer, moose, and other large animals move toward lower elevations, roadside animal collisions increase significantly. Understanding Idaho’s laws related to these accidents can help drivers navigate the aftermath more smoothly, whether you’re dealing with property damage, personal injury, or reporting obligations.
Increased Risks During Fall Migration
Fall migration, typically between September and November, leads to a higher likelihood of encountering animals on highways, particularly in rural areas and near designated wildlife crossings. These animals are not only a danger to themselves but can cause significant damage to vehicles and pose a serious risk to drivers and passengers.
Idaho has implemented several wildlife mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of collisions, such as wildlife bridges, underpasses, and warning signs. Despite these efforts, collisions still occur, and Idaho laws have been put in place to address them.
Legal Requirements for Reporting Collisions
Under Idaho law, if you hit and kill or injure a large animal, such as deer, elk, or moose, it’s required that you report the collision to the Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG) or local law enforcement. Failing to do so could result in fines or other penalties. Immediate reporting helps ensure proper removal of the animal to prevent further accidents and allows wildlife agencies to monitor migration patterns and roadside risks.
According to Idaho’s Code §49-1305, drivers involved in a collision with any property damage exceeding $1,500 must also file an accident report with the Idaho Transportation Department (ITD) within 10 days. While many animal collisions don’t meet this threshold, larger animals like elk and moose often do.
Personal Injury and Liability
Injuries from animal collisions can range from minor to severe. Idaho law recognizes that these types of accidents are usually unavoidable and assigns no liability to the state for wildlife-related accidents. However, if an accident occurs due to a failure to maintain fencing around designated areas or due to negligence on part of a private property owner, liability may shift.
Drivers should be aware that if they swerve to avoid an animal and collide with another vehicle or roadside object, liability for damages could potentially shift to the driver, especially if they are found to have been driving recklessly.
Property Damage and Insurance
Comprehensive auto insurance typically covers damage caused by animal collisions. Idaho drivers are encouraged to have comprehensive coverage, especially if they frequently travel through high-risk areas during fall migration. It’s crucial to notify your insurance provider promptly after a collision.
When dealing with insurance claims, it’s helpful to provide documentation of the accident. Photos, a police or IDFG report, and witness statements can help substantiate your claim.
Roadkill Salvage Law
An interesting aspect of Idaho’s law is its “roadkill salvage” program. Enacted in 2012, Idaho allows individuals to legally salvage and remove roadkill, provided they report the incident and obtain a free salvage permit from the Idaho Department of Fish and Game. This law applies to several large game species, including deer, elk, and moose.
The roadkill salvage law benefits drivers and local communities by reducing waste and providing a legal way to harvest meat and other parts from animals killed in collisions. However, the salvage permit must be obtained within 24 hours, and salvaged parts must not be used for commercial purposes.
Safety Tips to Avoid Animal Collisions
To minimize the risk of animal collisions during fall migration, drivers should follow these tips:
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Stay alert in high-risk areas: Watch for signs warning of animal crossings and slow down during dawn and dusk when animals are most active.
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Use high beams when possible: This helps illuminate the road ahead and increases your chances of spotting animals near the roadside.
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Do not swerve: Swerving to avoid hitting an animal can cause a more serious accident. It’s safer to brake and maintain control of the vehicle.
